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Hero City ((ロシア語:город-герой, ''gorod-geroy''), (ウクライナ語:місто-герой, ''misto-heroy''), (ベラルーシ語:горад-герой, ''horad-heroy'')) is a Soviet honorary title awarded for outstanding heroism during World War II (Eastern Front was known in the former Soviet Union as The Great Patriotic War). It was awarded to twelve cities of the Soviet Union. In addition the Brest Fortress was awarded an equivalent title of Hero Fortress. This symbolic distinction for a city corresponds to the individual distinction Hero of the Soviet Union. According to the statute, the hero city is issued the Order of Lenin, the Gold Star medal, and the certificate of the heroic deed (''gramota'') from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.〔 Also, the corresponding obelisk is installed in the city. ==History== The usage of the term "hero city" is dated to articles in ''Pravda'' as early as in 1942. The first official usage of the title is dated by May 1, 1945, when Joseph Stalin issued his Supreme Commander Order #20 commanding to fire salutes in "hero cities Leningrad, Stalingrad, Sevastopol, and Odessa."〔 On June 22, 1961 (20th anniversary of the beginning of the Great Patriotic War) the term "Hero City" was applied to Kiev in the ''ukases'' that awarded Kiev the Order of Lenin and introduced the Medal "For the Defence of Kiev". The statute of the title was officially introduced on May 8, 1965 by the ''ukase'' of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of USSR, on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. The same day ukases were issued about awarding the cities mentioned above: Leningrad (Saint Petersburg), Volgograd (former Stalingrad), Kiev, Sevastopol, and Odessa. However traditionally for these cities the anniversaries of being Hero City correspond to the dates mentioned earlier. Additionally, Moscow was declared Hero City and Brest declared ''Hero Fortress''.〔 Subsequent awards were issued as follows: *14 September 1973: Kerch and Novorossiysk.〔 *26 June 1974: Minsk〔 *7 December 1976: Tula〔 *6 May 1985: Murmansk and Smolensk〔 In 1988 the issuance of the award was officially discontinued. On April 5, 2005 the State Duma of Russian Federation passed the law in the first reading about the introduction of the honorary title "City of Military Glory" (Город воинской славы). Potential candidates are places of fierce battles: Oryol, Rzhev, Yelnya, Voronezh, Vyazma, and others. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hero City」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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